Ancient shipwrecks have been found elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea and the All these bits of evidence suggest that the ship sailed southwards along the coast of. The president of the Hellenic 1995. Found on board was nearly 400 amphorae for storing wine, grain mill stones for producing grain, almonds, lead weights for fishing and one coin. Lastly, the thought that over the winter clandestine sport divers might find the timbers tempting as relics or treasure made our decision incontestable: to undertake the hull-raising immediately. National Geographic Society Research Reports, pp. A diver would then attach a line from the barge and fill the lifting balloon. She had served merchants both before and after the lifetime of Alexander the Great. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. One of these was minted during the reign of Antigonos Monophthalamos (316-301 B.C. Institute for the Preservation of Nautical Tradition Mr. Harry Tzalas, with the Copyright 2023 - Kyrenia / Designed & Developed by NETinfo Plc No images, text or other material whatsoever from this website may be copied, published, re-produced or otherwise used without the written permission of yrenia unicipality. Today, the worlds best preserved shipwreck (70% of it has been preserved) is held captive at the museum of the occupied Castle of Kyrenia. Reconstruction and the preservation of the ship took almost six years to complete and the museum was finally ready to be opened to the public in March 1976. During 1985 The more than 9,000 almonds recovered in this way suggest that the nuts were mainly being transported aboard theexcavated collection of milling stones of the hopper design. It is important to note that, 75% of the ship, that measures 15 metres in As the balloon carried the load upwards, the diver followed, deflating the balloon gradually so that the frame would not rise too abruptly as it neared the surface. Two heavy wales girded the sides of the hull above the water-line. The following 35 files are in this category, out of 35 total. The Kyrenia shipwreck (Kbrs gemisi) museum is located inside Kyrenia Castle. Green, J. Kyrenia II is now retired from active sailing and is displayed as a permanent exhibit in the Thalassa museum, Ayia Napia, Cyprus. Michael Katzev of the American Altmetric. Ninety-six amphoras whole and fragmentary were excavated, bringing the ships total to 403 lifted in the two campaigns. Having lost the exact position Cariolou carried out more than 200 dives until he re-discovered the wreck in 1967 close to Kyrenia in Cyprus.Michael Katzev, a graduate student at the University of 2023 Archaeology Magazine, a Publication of the Archaeological Institute of America. Its star attraction, the Kyrenia shipwreck, is a 4th century B.C Greek merchant ship and is the oldest example of a Greek ship to be discovered. The wreck was very well preserved with approximately 75% of the ship still in good condition. 2023 Institute of Nautical Archaeology. Katzev oversaw the research of the collection well until his death in 2001; his wife, Susan Katzev, has been leading those efforts since. A publication of the Archaeological Institute of America. Anonymous. Katzev, M. 1974. The ancient ship of Kyrenia, Beneath Cyprus Seas. 29 millstones were laden on over the keel in three rows and also served as ballast. In H. Tzalas, ed. This ship probably only housed four people and would have been sailing and trading around the Mediterranean area around the time of Alexander the Great. It is now exhibited in the Ancient Shipwreck Museum in Kyrenia Castle where it remains on exhibit.The sinking of the Kyrenia could have been caused by many factors, but evidence suggests that piracy and old age contributed to the ships fate. Four wooden spoons, four oil jugs, four salt dishes and four drinking cups recovered in the shipwreck suggest that her crew on her last voyage consisted of four seamen. Matthew Harpster . The latest theory as to why the ship sunk is that it may have been attacked by pirates. The smaller eastern section of the ship would be the logical area to begin. The radio carbon date on the This theory is argued as there were spear heads found in the hull of the ship and because there were no valuables, coins or personal artifacts discovered on the ship. Between the preserved hull in the stern and the concretion lay a marble columnarpedestal, its context on shipboard yetan enigma. That they, too, served in the ships rigging is a strong possibility. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Nave di Kyrenia; pave de Kyrnia; Kireniako itsasontzia; ; Schiff von Kyrenia; Barco de Kyrenia; ; Girne bat; Kyreniaskeppet; ; Schip van Kyrenia; ; Kyrenialainen laiva; Kyrenia ship; Barco de Kyrenia; ; Kyrenijska ladja; schip; antikes Schiff im Levantischen Meer; antiikin aikainen laivan hylky; Bateau de Kyrenia; pave de Kyrenia, Girne Kyrenia Castle Shipwreck Museum 01.jpg, Girne Kyrenia Castle Shipwreck Museum 02.jpg, Kyrenia Olkas, 4th century BC (model).jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswarck Museum - Amphore 1.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Amphore 2.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Amphore 3.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Rekonstruktion Modell.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Schiffsgeschirr 1.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Takelage 1.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Takelage 2.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Takelage 3.jpg, Kyrenia Schiffswrackmuseum - Takelage 4.jpg, Kyrenia shipwreck, Kyrenia Castle, Kyrenia, Northen Cyprus.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Kyrenia_shipwreck&oldid=713625386, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. For his program the Institute for Photogrammetry and Topography at the University of Karlsruhe, Germany, generously lent its Zeiss Stereotop. The room where the actual shipwreck is stored in is fully air conditioned to ensure that the timbers are fully protected from corrosion and there is a walkway and viewing platform for visitors to be able to view the shipwreck from above. The island of Aphrodite was among the places the Greeks visited early, loved and inhabited. Oxford University Press. English: The Kyrenia ship. REF4234, Celebrating after the hull's reconstruction (Photo: Susan Katzev). Approximately one-third aft the bow, the intricately carved mast step was located. There the wood was washed and placed in fresh-water tanks. At the stone quarry, probably on the island of Kos, masons carved letters of identification on the sides of these stones. The Kyrenia ship, a Greek merchantman built around 315 BC and sunk off the north coast of Cyprus 294-291 BC, was excavated between 1967 and 1972 under the direction of Michael Another part of the cargo comprised 9000 almonds in jars. The wooden hull, built mostly of Samos Aleppo pine, measured 14.3 m long by 4.4 m beam. 1989. Since the finds point to an interesting and rarely-illustrated aspect of Mediterranean history, it was felt that the public should not be denied some view of the material. Archaeological Context. The ship, called Kyrenia II was finally launched in June 1984. to their homes following the barbaric invasion of Turkey in 1974. The archaeology, led by the late Michael Katzev and now being completed by Susan Katzev, showed that sometime around 306 B.C., the ship, with a four-person crew from Rhodes, was overcome and sank in what seems to have been a pirate attack that left eight iron spear points embedded in the hull. There are only the storms which sweep in without warning against this unprotected coast. As a unique, handmade object approximately 14 m long built over two millennia ago, this wooden hull is exceptional, and it and its replicas have become emblematic of seafaring in the Mediterranean Sea during the Hellenistic era. Hence the Kyrenia Ship was probably more than eighty years old the day she sank. Prices and download plans . , constituted its main cargo. The Cyprus Mines Corporation continued to provide considerable on-site technical assistance, loan of equipment, and medical services. The Kyrenia ship, constructed, in about 389 BC, of Samos Aleppo pine is a good example of this. Resurrecting an Ancient Greek Ship: Kyrenia, Cyprus, in Beneath the Seven Seas, edited by George F. Bass, pp. Grid 4B (gap, under hull) Katzev, M. 1975. Ten distinct amphora shapes on board suggest other ports of call, such as Samos in the north. Finally, an expression of deep gratitude goes to the excavation staff, many of whom voluntarily gave of their services and stayed weeks beyond their original commitment. I. TROPIS, 163175. ), and the other struck in the reign of his son, Demetrios Poliorketes (306294). In cooperation with the National Geographic Society Mr. Bob Dunn recorded the activities of the expedition over its two summers on 16mm film. In a pincer movement the excavation teams now proceeded inward to uncover the remaining cargo within the wooden hull. In 1981 Manolis Psaros, a boat-builder in Parma, Greece undertook to build a full size replica of the Kyrenia ship. Visitors to Kyrenia Castle, most of them Cypriotes, had expressed interest to see the objects from the excavation. The vessel is en route to NINGBO OPL, sailing at a speed of 14.0 knots and expected to arrive there on Dec 23, 08:00 . the early 4th century B.C. The vessel itself was a Greek merchant ship and had a cargo of as many as 500 amphoras which belonged to ten different shape types. The Kyrenian sea kept it tightly into its arms for more than two thousand years, until our compatriot late Andreas Kariolou discovered it opposite the coast of Chrysokava in 1965. Encircling the room now are shelves which hold the amphoras, grain mill blocks, boxes of sherds and smaller finds. 24 The construction of the Kyrenia II was most helpful in understanding the shell-first method and other structural details4, while the over 2000 nautical miles covered in sea trials and Forward and aft of the amphora and millstone cargoes the excavators began uncovering more items from the ships cabins. sand. In The task of carefully removing the ship from the seabed took a couple of years. The discovery of the ancient shipwreck of Kyrenia, as well as the scientific studies which followed and still continue to be conducted, created an important opportunity for the ancient naval architecture and navigation to be studied. The pirates at the time would have looted the ship, captured the sailors as slaves and sunk it. Kyrenia Shipwreck Excavation. 1973. It was made from Aleppo pine and would have one main sailing mast and the bottom of the hull would have been coated in a thick lacquer to protect it from sea worms boring into the wood. Sea and the few parts of them studied have yielded valuable, but yet, incomplete Raban, A. 1970. We had observed a noticeable softening over the summer of those timbers which had been earliest exposed, and we were certain this softening would continue through a winter on the sea bottom. However, a more permanent and less distracting arrangement needed to be made. There is no evidence of fire or piracy. Early Hellenistic. The hull was built in the "shell first" manner, quite the opposite of today's method. Kryrenia reconstruction sailing in the Aegean sea. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. E-mail: [emailprotected], Data Privacy Policy | Website Privacy Notice. Under their guidance the newcoming divers soon learned the skills of excavating and recording their finds under water. the sea outside the town of Kyrenia, the trails of a unique relic of antiquity, The remaining portion exposed after his departure in late August was then plotted with a system of pointing rods. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Ancient shipwrecks have been found elsewhere in the Mediterranean Fax: 22818228 Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology pp 15Cite as, 3 It is hoped that in the future a more complete story of the excavation may be assembled in these quarters to complement exhibition of the preserved ship in its own gallery across the castle courtyard. In Great moments in Greek archaeology. Franais : L' pave de Kyrnia est un navire grec What tragedy, then, sent their ship to the bottom here, less than a mile from the ancient anchorage at Kyrenia? The Kyrenia ship was a small Greek merchantman which sank off the north coast of Cyprus late in the fourth century B. C. Its timbers have been reconstructed in Kyrenia, Cyprus, This was achieved at the Manolis Psaros boatyard in Piraeus Greece . Kyrenia II is often used as a floating ambassador of Cypriot culture, and has visited many parts of the world. In 1986, it visited New York City; in 1988, Japan; and in 1989, West Germany . Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. REF4245, Recording timbers (Photo: Susan Katzev). A video of the divers recovering the shipwreck and its objects. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Here the outer planking is in two layers joined with thick wooden dowels. Get the details of the current Voyage of W KYRENIA including Position, Port Calls, Destination, ETA and Distance travelled - IMO 9211494, MMSI 538009126, Call Sign V7A4351 REF4233, Kyrenia shipwreck in situ and after conservation and reconstruction (Photo: Susan Katzev). Many times the sea would also bring conquerors, but none of them would stay for long. A curse tablet was also found on the wreckage. Just wanted to tell you keep up the fantastic work! Copyright 1985 by the Archaeological Institute of America. They were reused from an earlier ship. However, it sank just three miles from the port. Katzev, Susan Womer. The vessel W KYRENIA (IMO: 9211494, MMSI 538009126) is a Container Ship built in 2001 (22 years old) and currently sailing under the flag of Marshall Islands . The "Kyrenia II" ship The survey and excavation of the site was directed by was exhibited at the Mystic Seaport Museum in Connecticut, in New York (fig. 6), Nara, the old Japanese capital, for the Silk Road Exhibition, Seville for the World Fair, Hamburg for its 700 years commemoration and ten different Greek towns. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. A commercial 15-metre long ship built in 389 B.C. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. No matter how cautiously it was handled throughout the lift and transfer, however, the wood was so pliable that it settled within the trays, and the sections tended to lose their original contours. REF4246, Steffy holding a timber after treatment (Photo: Susan Katzev). Rather, he probably had taken out a loan to charter the vessel for the sailing season, a loan to be paid off by a portion of the profits from the voyage. The Kyrenia ship is the wreck of a 4th century BC Greek merchant ship. http://www.penn.museum/sites/expedition/the-kyrenia-shipwreck/, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_ship. You can still see the way the wood has been joined together and the groove where the ships mast once stood. However, he lost the position and it took him a further two hundred plus dives to find it again in 1967. At the barge each basket was winched onto an awaiting boat. The wood then went into one large fresh-water bath. The basket was then transferred to the Kyrenia dock and slowly trucked by the Public Works Department into the castle court. The wreck of the late fourth-century BC ship off the coast of Kyrenia, Cyprus, was found by Andreas Cariolou in 1965. Furthermore, a Period. Kyrenia II was exhibited at the Mystic Seaport Museum in Connecticut, in New York (fig. Ed. REF4243, Recording the hull timbers on the seabed (Photo: Susan Katzev). Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. Expedition Magazine. D. Blackman, 141179. Stereo-mapping continued throughout the excavation for recording the find positions of the remaining amphoras, grain mill blocks, and smaller cabin objects. The entire outer surface of the preserved hull was found sheathed with lead affixed by regular rows of copper tacks. H. Tzalas, 245256. Despite carrying 380 amphorae which were basically of Rodhian type, in the end smaller numbers of seven types of vessels which served both the commercial activities of the ship, as well as the personal needs of the four-member crew, were raised. Because of its downdraft, helicopter removal would be too dangerous to the softened wood. Cambridge University Library Archives. Towards this end the excavation opened its storeroom temporarily to groups in the company of the castle custodian. The reconstruction of the Kyrenia ship, 19721975. 27 stones for hopper-type grain mills had been stacked in three rows along the axis of the ship to serve as ballast. A single lamp fragment from the aft cabin area serves to validate the impression that the Greeks at this time limited their sailing to the daylight hours. In 1967, Cariolou contacted Michael and Susan Katzev and guided them to the wreck which sat 90 feet below the surface. Steffy, J.R. 1985. Google Scholar. Oxford University Press, 2007. Vessel W KYRENIA is a cargo ship sailing under the flag of Marshall Islands. 6), Nara, the old Japanese capital, for the Silk Road Exhibition, Seville for the World Fair, Hamburg for its 700 years commemoration and ten different Greek towns. After cutting, a flexible sheet of galvanized iron was slid beneath each section, and it was carefully moved into a rigid steel frame equipped with flexible bands which could adaptto the curvature of the hull. Editorial policy and statement of purpose, The Pillars of Diversity and Inclusion at the University of Chicago Press. Therefore, the Antiquities Department handsomely restored a small room adjacent to the storeroom to be used for exhibition purposes, and by late September an attractive display had been mounted. In Marine archaeology, ed. The wreck of the Kyenia ship was discovered in 1967 close to Kyrenia in Cyprus, hence its name. Department of Archaeology and the History of Art, Ko University, Istanbul, Turkey, You can also search for this author in Sailing with him were at least three other crew members, perhaps some of them with vested interests in the cargo. She proved her seaworthiness, with a remarkable ability to sail into the wind. No matter how hard the Turkish invaders try to alter the historic truth regarding the origin of the wreck during the tours they organize, our captive ship will continue to constitute an undisputable testimony proving the timeless bonds between Kyrenia and Greece, as well as a symbol signifying the return of the Kyrenians to their beloved city and district. However, as with so many of the rather unique objects from the vessel, their function may be known only after further study. At the stone quarry, probably on the island of, , masons carved letters of identification on the sides of these stones. For more information on cookies, please read our. Grid 4B (gap, under hull) Katzev, M., and S. Katzev. Fifty-four archaeologists, divers and other scientists worked for three years in order to raise, reassemble and finally display the ship at the Castle of Kyrenia, thus reviving its history and linking the era of Alexander the Great and ancient Cyprus with the present. Translated by David Hardy, ed. The Kyrenia ship, so named when it was discovered in 1964 largely intact one mile north of the northern Cypriot town of Kyrenia, is the best preserved small Greek merchant ship ever found. Main ship particulars are length of 300 m and beam of 43 m. Maps below show the following voyage data - Present Location, NExt port, Estimated (ETA) and Prediced Time of A boat-builder in Parma, Greece undertook to build a full size replica the... Ref4246, Steffy holding a timber after treatment ( Photo: Susan Katzev and guided them to the wood., loved and inhabited in fresh-water tanks please read our on the sides of these stones curse. Kyrenia shipwreck ( Kbrs gemisi ) museum is located inside Kyrenia Castle Cyprus Mines Corporation to... Day she sank and placed in fresh-water tanks on-site technical assistance, of., out of 35 total aft the bow, the Pillars of and! Copper tacks discovered in 1967 close to Kyrenia in Cyprus, was found Andreas. While you navigate through the website, Cyprus, in New York City in. Be stored in your browser only with your consent we also use third-party cookies that us. Medical services is located inside Kyrenia Castle room now are shelves which hold the amphoras, mill... [ emailprotected ], Data Privacy Policy | website Privacy Notice ref4245, timbers... Expedition over its two summers on 16mm film keel in three rows along the axis of the remaining within... Dock and slowly trucked by the Public Works Department into the wind of Karlsruhe,,. Of these stones their kyrenia ship 1954 page and inhabited BC ship off the coast Kyrenia... Beneath the Seven Seas, edited by George F. Bass, pp the intricately carved mast was! Of them would stay for long groups in the reign of his son, Demetrios (! In three rows along the kyrenia ship 1954 of the ship, captured the sailors slaves. Beneath the Seven Seas, edited by George F. Bass, pp often used as floating! 4.4 m beam close to Kyrenia Castle, most of them Cypriotes, had expressed interest to the! Two heavy wales girded the sides of the ship still in good condition the smaller eastern of. To uncover the remaining cargo within the wooden hull a further two hundred plus dives to find it in! Be known only after further study ship was discovered in 1967 a ability! The places the Greeks visited early, loved and inhabited a strong possibility of these stones,..., Celebrating after the lifetime of Alexander the Great of these stones example of this removing the ship in! Website Privacy Notice, Steffy holding a timber after treatment ( Photo: Susan Katzev ) towards end! Katzev ) three rows and also served as ballast and its objects at the and. Ship to serve as ballast context on shipboard yetan enigma Greek merchant ship its.! The fantastic work fantastic work and less distracting arrangement needed to be made under the of. 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Because of its downdraft, helicopter removal would be too dangerous to the Kyrenia ship the! Is often used as a floating ambassador of Cypriot culture, and has visited many of... Editorial Policy and statement of purpose, the intricately carved mast step was located 1975... Among the places the Greeks visited early, loved and inhabited and placed in fresh-water tanks warning... Stern and the concretion lay a marble columnarpedestal, its context on shipboard yetan enigma 1986 it... Two layers joined with thick wooden dowels arrangement needed to be made equipment, and the few parts of Castle..., incomplete Raban, a boat-builder in Parma, Greece undertook to build a full replica! Large fresh-water bath Inclusion at the stone quarry, probably on the sides of the hull 's (. Turkey in 1974 she sank Seaport museum in Connecticut, in about 389 BC, of Samos Aleppo is. Been stacked in three rows along the axis of the expedition over its two summers on film... Proceeded inward to uncover the remaining amphoras, grain mill blocks, boxes of sherds and smaller objects. Recovering the shipwreck and its objects Dunn recorded the activities of the expedition over its two summers 16mm..., quite the opposite of today 's method wood then went into one fresh-water... Merchant ship ship to serve as ballast Bass, pp mill blocks, boxes of sherds and cabin! Removal would be the logical area to begin permanent and less distracting needed. The wreckage assistance, loan of equipment, and medical services inward uncover. Zeiss Stereotop Kyrenia in Cyprus, in Beneath the Seven Seas, edited by George F. Bass pp! Statement of purpose, the intricately carved mast step was located intricately carved mast step was located then to. After treatment ( Photo: Susan Katzev ) sides of these stones Greeks visited,... Recording the find positions of the divers recovering the shipwreck and its objects to properly. Cookies are absolutely essential for the website built mostly of Samos Aleppo pine, measured 14.3 long! Cookies, please read our large fresh-water bath further study was finally in. Connecticut, in about 389 BC, of Samos Aleppo pine kyrenia ship 1954 measured m... Sat 90 feet below the surface visited New York City ; in 1988, Japan ; and in,. Karlsruhe, Germany, generously lent its Zeiss Stereotop the surface a full size replica of the to. Full size replica of the remaining amphoras, grain mill blocks, smaller... Ship off the coast of Kyrenia, Beneath Cyprus Seas amphoras whole and fragmentary were,. Medical services these was minted during the reign of his son, Demetrios Poliorketes ( 306294 ) unprotected coast on. Ref4245, recording timbers ( Photo: Susan Katzev ) trucked by the Public Works Department the... Kyrenia dock and slowly trucked by the Public Works Department into the Castle custodian on shipboard yetan.! Replica of the divers recovering the shipwreck and its objects conquerors, but yet, incomplete Raban, a in. Helicopter removal would be too dangerous to the wreck of a 4th century Greek. At the University of Chicago Press as with so many of the expedition over its two summers 16mm. Would then attach a line from the barge and fill the lifting balloon of,. Marshall Islands, loan of equipment, and medical services into the wind the island of Aphrodite was the... Many of the rather unique objects from the barge each basket was winched onto an awaiting boat website to properly! Policy and statement of purpose, the Pillars of Diversity and Inclusion at the University of Chicago Press and. Help us analyze and understand how you use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate the. Poliorketes ( 306294 ) together and the other struck in the `` shell first '' manner quite! Grain mills had been stacked in three rows and also served as ballast strong possibility regular... End the excavation under water found by Andreas Cariolou in 1965 find it again in 1967 there are the. Them to the wreck was very well preserved with approximately 75 % of the divers the... Your experience while you navigate through the website to function properly none of them studied have yielded valuable, yet. Editorial Policy and statement of purpose, the Pillars of Diversity and Inclusion at the barge each basket winched. Entire outer surface of the remaining cargo within the wooden hull a curse was... Winched onto an awaiting boat sheathed with lead affixed by regular rows of copper tacks both. Monophthalamos ( 316-301 B.C manner, quite the opposite of today 's method went one. Found sheathed with lead affixed by regular rows of copper tacks of these was minted during the of... Cypriotes, had expressed interest to see the way the wood was washed kyrenia ship 1954 placed in tanks!, incomplete Raban, a boat-builder in Parma, Greece undertook to build full! Recording the hull above the water-line, it sank just three miles from the excavation opened its storeroom to.
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